Content Analysis and Comparison of Physical Activity Guidelines for Children Based on ICF-CY / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To analyze and compare the policies and theoretical fundamental, the categories and amount of activities, benefits and influential factors of international and national physical activity guidelines for children, to provide theoretical and method guidance for the development and implementation of relevant guidelines. Methods:Six guidelines of physical activity for children issued by the World Health Organization (WHO), China, United States, Australia and Canada (2 sets) were included, analyzed and coded using International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health-Children and Youth Version (ICF-CY). The policy background, theories, evidence-based methods, recommended activities, activity volume, benefits and influential factors of the guidelines were discussed. Results:There were relevant backgrounds of health policies and theoretical fundamentals for the development of these guidelines. The recommended categories of physical activities involved the activities of fitness, skills and sports. The amount of activity all the guidelines recommended was at least 60 minutes of moderate to high intensity activity per day, and vigorous-intensity or musculoskeletal enhancement activities at least three times a week. Physical activities had benefit for children in the fields of development and maxima of functioning, promotion of activities and participation, formation of good habits of life, establishment of healthy lifestyles, and improvement of the relevant environmental factors. Conclusion:It is useful to analyze and compare the contents of guidelines of physical activities for children using framework, terminology and coding systems of ICF-CY. Both international and national guidelines of physical activity for children are developed in relevant health policies backgrounds and health-related theories. There are three types of physical activity for children aligning to ICF-CY: fitness, skills and sports. All guidelines recommended moderate to high level intensity of activity. Children can gain from physical activities for the development of exercise habits and active lifestyles. Accessible environments are recommended, including Products and Technology, Natural Environment and Human-Made Changes to Environment, Support and Relationships, Attitudes, and Services, Systems and Policies.

Application of improved TOPSIS based on entropy weight to evaluating township health education program / 预防医学

Objective To explore a more objective scheme for comprehensive evaluation of township health education program. Methods Based on the indicators and grading results of 17 township hospitals (named from A to Q) in Xiangshan County, we calculated the weight of each indicator by entropy weight method and sorted the township hospitals by the improved TOPSIS. Then we compared the ranking with the annual assessment results in 2017 to verify the rationality of this scheme. Results The entropy weights of"printed materials of health education","play of audio-visual materials","health education bulletin board","public health consultation" ,"health knowledge lecture" ,"individualized health education" and"awareness rate of health knowledge"were 0.122 0, 0.125 3, 0.134 6, 0.157 2, 0.157 0, 0.179 8 and 0.124 1, respectively. Through the improved TOPSIS, 17 hospitals were sorted as follows: P, L, O, C, G, A, H, N, B, E, M, Q, K, J, F, D, I. Compared with the annual assessment rankings which were P, L, A, C, B, O, G, H, K, N, D, E, M, J, I, F, Q, thirteen of them were different. Conclusion "Printed materials of health education","awareness rate of health knowledge" and"play of audio-visual materials" have little room for improvement, while"individualized health education" should be focused on in the future. The improved TOPSIS based on entropy weight could objectively evaluate the quality of health education service.

Application of multi-slice computed tomography in biomechanical analysis of traffic accidents / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the application value of multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) and 3D reconstruction in biomechanical analysis of traffic accidents in forensic medicine.@*METHODS@#Based on a real case, the tomoscan images were obtained from a corpse by MSCT scanning. The 3D images were reconstructed. The biomechanic process of injury manners of impacting, rolling and crushing in traffic accidents was analyzed together with autopsy, vehicle inspection, etc. The MSCT results were compared with the autopsy results.@*RESULTS@#Some characters in situ including the part of fracture on different site that suffered by force from different directions, trends of fracture line, and status of smash inner bones were obtained trough MSCT and 3D reconstruction. Some details like fracture were even better than those from autopsy.@*CONCLUSION@#MSCT and 3D reconstruction have some advantages such as in situ reconstruction, easily controlled image and fully conserved evidence. It may be a supplementary method and have a directive function for the biomechanical analysis of traffic accidents.

Comparison between application of imaging techniques and autopsy in the identification of injury manner / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the application of imaging techniques in determining the death cause and injury manner.@*METHODS@#One case due to high fall was fully examined using multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT), 3-D imaging creation and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The systemic and detailed autopsy was subsequently performed to compare with the results from imaging studies. The advantages and disadvantages of autopsy and imaging studies were then analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Most of the important information such as trauma, fracture and hemorrhage could be obtained by imaging techniques. Furthermore, imaging methods can predict injuries in internal body before autopsy and be minimal or non-invasive to the cadaver. However, the imaging techniques probably also can not find some details in comparison to autopsy in forensic practice and need to improve in their future application.@*CONCLUSION@#Application of imaging techniques can be used as the guidance and complimentary for the forensic autopsy in the identification of injury manner. In addition, the application can even be used to replace autopsy in some special circumstances.

Clinical application of multi-slice spiral computed tomography in the preoperative staging of gastric carcinoma / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the application of multi- slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) in the preoperative staging of gastric carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty- nine cases of gastric carcinoma confirmed by endoscopic biopsy (including 49 men and 40 women) were collected between June 2004 and March 2006. MSCT was performed one week before operation and all the images were read by two radiologists. The results were compared with the postoperative pathologic findings.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In general, the accuracy of MSCT in determining the T stage of gastric carcinoma was 68.7% based on axial and MPR images. The accuracy of diagnosis for T (1) was 90.0% (9/10), for T(2) was 82.8% (24/29), for T(3) was 69.6% (16/23) and for T(4) was 52.4% (11/21) respectively. The accuracy for MSCT in determining the N stage of gastric carcinoma was 51.8% in general. The accuracy of diagnosis for N(0) was 44.0% (11/25), for N(1) was 72.0% (18/25), for N(2) was 46.4% (13/28) and for N(3) was 40.0% (2/5) respectively. The accuracy of diagnosis for distant metastasis (M(1)) was 90% (9/10).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The accuracy of MSCT in preoperative staging of gastric carcinoma is relatively high. It is easily accepted by the patients as a practical and noninvasive technique of gastric carcinoma staging.</p>

The application value of the PACS in general hospitals / 中国医疗器械杂志

In order to evaluate the diagnostic value of the PACS, the PACS has been applied to Dept.of Radiology in Renji Hospital in Shanghai for nearly two and a half years. Clinical practice shows that the doctors can work more efficiently and accurately by using the diagnostic workstation of PACS. PACS is an inevitable development trend of image diagnosis and is playing a more and more important role in clinical applications.

Construction of the recombinant adenovirus vector expressing human CD40 ligand gene / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct a recombinant adenovirus vector expressing hCD40L gene and explore it in the use of anti-tumor gene therapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>1,900 bp gene fragment was obtained form plasmid pORF-hCD40L by Xho I/Swa I cutting and then cloned directionally into the pShuttle plasmid, finally, the resultant plasmid was digested by restriction endonnuclease PmeI and subsequently cotransformtion into BJ5183 cells with the adenoviral backbone pAdEasy-1 to obtain the homologous recombinant and then the recombinant was packaged in the 293 cells. Some methods such as PCR and endonulease digestion were employed to identify the recombinant adenovirus.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The evidences of endonulease digestion and PCR analysis confirmed that recombinant hCD40L gene was correctly inserted into adenovirus vector.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The adenoviral vector which expressed hCD40L gene was constructed. It provides an experimental basis for studies on it expression in the mammalian cells and in tumor gene therapy.</p>

MRI diagnosis in meniscal tears:a Meta analysis / 中华放射学杂志

0.05).Conclusion MRI is a highly accurate diagnostic tool for detecting tears of the medial and lateral menisci.At present,there is no evidence to ascertain that higher magnetic field strength improves discriminatory power for meniscal tears.

A novel mutation in DKC1 gene in a patient with dyskeratosis congenita / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To detect the mutation in DKC1 gene in a patient with dyskeratosis congeni- ta.Methods Fifteen exons of DKC1 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR),and the products were screened for mutations by denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) technology,then DNA sequencing was performed for abnormal exons as shown by DHPLC.The gene muta- tions were verified within 100 unrelated male individuals without dyskeratosis congenita.Results An ab- normal DHPLC elution peak was found in exon 12 of DKC1 gene of the patient,but not in other family members or normal individuals.DNA sequencing showed a 1236G→T transition in DKC1 gene in the pa- tient,which resulted in a 412W→C substitution in DKC1.No mutation was found in other family members and normal individuals.Conclusion The 1236G→T transition in the patient is a novel mutation in DKC1 gene,which could be a causative factor of dyskeratosis congenita.